Wildlife Guide to the Riviera Maya XXV

Scientific: Sphiggurus mexicanus Kerr Spanish: Puercoespín mexicano Maaya t’aan: Kilix paach ooch English: Mexican tree porcupine, Mexican hairy dwarf porcupine

Description: A rodent relative of the paca, these can grow as large as 50 cm (over 19 inches) long and weigh three kilograms (over 6.5 pounds) as adults. Interspersed among their fur they have sharp quills, which are modified hairs that can cause painful wounds. This animal moves slowly, whether in the trees or on the ground. It uses its quills defensively, only if touched directly; it cannot shoot them, as some people believe.

Habitat: This is a nocturnal animal, living in the branches of taller trees. It can be found in all types of forest, including wetlands. Because it avoids crossing open ground, it can become isolated when areas of forest are cut down. As an omnivore, it will eat a variety of plant and animal foods, but it prefers fruit and plants, including the tender tissues of trees. It normally avoids contact with human beings; but in areas under cultivation, it will take plants, vegetables and fruit.

Threats: The felling of larger trees; and its extermination in areas under cultivation, where it is considered a pest.

Uses and beliefs: An unusual traditional use—and one that is not recommended—has been reported to relieve headache and aching joints: sticking a quill into the skin of the forehead or joint until it fills with blood and drops off.

How to protect it: Do not hunt it, or contribute to the destruction of its forest habitat. If you see one, observe it quietly.

Where to observe it: On rare occasion, at dawn or dusk, in forested areas